There is an interesting edge case which arises when the serializer encounters a choice group.
A DFDL xsd is structured as follows:

<root>
    <choice>
        <sequence>
            <firstname/>
            <lastname/>
            <postcode/>
        </sequence>
        <sequence>
            <lastname/>
            <telephoneNumber/>
        </sequence>
    </choice>
</root>

Note that both branches of the choice are sequences, not elements.

The infoset is

<root>
    <lastName/>
    <telephoneNumber/>
</root>

The likely action of the serializer is:
- pick the first branch of the choice ( because it contains lastname )
- output the default value of firstname ( assuming that firstname has minOccurs = 1 )
- output lastname
- issue a processing error because lastname is not present in the info set ( assuming that lastname has minOccurs = 1 ).

...but the user might have intended this:
- reject the first branch of the choice because there is a missing required field
- select the second branch of the choice and successfully process the entire info set

The DFDL specification does not state what the behaviour should be. I think the options are:
a) state explicitly that the serializer will choose the first branch that contains a matching element, regardless of minOccurs
b) invent a new rule that causes the parser to back out of a branch and try another branch if there is a minOccurs error while processing the branch
c) disallow sequences and choices as immediate children of a choice group

Currently I'm leaning toward a) by process of elimination, for the following reasons:
b) would make this scenario work, but I think it would impose a lot of work on implementers because it would require the serializer to do backtracking.
c) would simplify a lot of things, but I think it's too restrictive - I can imagine complex data formats where is might be useful to have a choice as the direct child of a choice because the discrimination rules might be easier to express in a two-level structure.

regards,

Tim Kimber, Common Transformation Team,
Hursley, UK
Internet:  kimbert@uk.ibm.com
Tel. 01962-816742  
Internal tel. 246742



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