Firstly, there had been a debate about what simple types should appear in the infoset. Various proposals below. We've decided not to go with any of those, but to stick with existing infoset behaviour (reprod). It means that the DFDL parser will do enough to convert input data to the (nearest) schema built-in type. This gives better interop with XML Schema (eg, ecore) based trees. There is an important implication when speculatively parsing - the parser will use the schema built-in type to distinguish data, but will not use user-defined restrictions.

[datatype] String. The name of the XML Schema 1.0 built-in simple type to which the value corresponds. DFDL supports a subset of these types listed in the specification at section 4.1.
[dataValue] The value in the value space of the [datatype] member or special value nil.

Secondly, given the above decision, we can complete action 020. On parse, if the physical data can not be handled by the logical type, it is a processing error. On unparsing, data must conform to the infoset type, by definition.

Logical type textNumberRepresentation=
text (4) textNumberRepresentation=
zoned (2) (6) binaryNumberRepresentation=
packed (5) binaryNumberRepresentation=
bcd (1) binaryNumberRepresentation=
binary
Signed (decimal, integer, and user restrictions thereof) Parse: OK
Unparse: OK Parse: Unpunched data => +ve
Unparse: Data always punched with sign Parse: Unsigned nibble => +ve
Unparse: Data signed as per +ve/-ve nibble specifiers, unsigned nibble specifier never used Parse: Data always +ve
Unparse: -ve data is processing error N/A
Signed (long, int, short, byte, and user restrictions thereof) Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Parse: Data assumed 2's complement binary
Unparse: Data output as 2's complement binary
Unsigned (unsigned long, unsigned int, unsigned short, unsigned byte, and user restrictions thereof)
(3) Parse: +ve data => OK, -ve data is processing error
Unparse: Data output according to pattern Parse: +ve punched data => OK, -ve data is processing error
Unparse: Data never punched with sign Parse: +ve nibble & unsigned nibble => OK, -ve nibble is processing error
Unparse: Unsigned nibble specifier always used Parse: OK
Unparse: OK Parse: Data assumed unsigned binary
Unparse: Data output as unsigned binary

Notes
(1) Can not physically carry a sign
(2) Some systems omit to punch for +ve, but accept punched on input (eg, IBM iSeries)
(3) Assumes that on unparsing, the infoset can not present a -ve value
(4) The -ve sign is indicated by numberPattern property
(5) The exact sign nibbles are given by the packedDecimalSignCodes property
(6) The punching style to use is given by the numberZonedSignStyle property

Regards

Steve Hanson
Programming Model Architect
WebSphere Message Brokers
Hursley, UK
Internet: smh@uk.ibm.com
Phone (+44)/(0) 1962-815848
----- Forwarded by Steve Hanson/UK/IBM on 08/06/2009 11:27 -----

Steve Hanson/UK/IBM
13/05/2009 13:25

To
Dave Glick

cc
dfdl-wg@ogf.org

Subject
Fw: Action 020 completion

Hi Dave

We should also bear the problem below in mind when thinking about DFDL Infoset & XDM. XDM assumes that an element with a concrete type-name has a typed-value conforming to the type-name, ie, it has been 'validated'. If this is not the case then the type-name is set to xs:untyped or xs:untypedAtomic (extra types added to XDM for this purpose). In DFDL Infoset we had been assuming that the [dataType] would be set to that implied by the DFDL xsd, regardless of whether validation succeeded or not - though there are issues with this as explained below.

Regards

Steve Hanson
Programming Model Architect
WebSphere Message Brokers
Hursley, UK
Internet: smh@uk.ibm.com
Phone (+44)/(0) 1962-815848
----- Forwarded by Steve Hanson/UK/IBM on 13/05/2009 12:51 -----

Steve Hanson/UK/IBM
29/04/2009 15:54

To
Alan Powell, Dave Glick, Mike Beckerle (Work)

cc
Suman Kalia/Toronto/IBM@IBMCA, Tim Kimber/UK/IBM

Subject
Fw: Action 020 completion

Hi Dave

We discussed this on the call and agreed that the unsigned types are just range restrictions so treating negative numbers in the data as parse errors instead of validation errors seemed inconsistent.

Various options discussed:

1) Remove the unsigned types altogether.
- Means we'd need an extra property to describe binary integer representation, as we could no longer infer the rep from the logical type
- Loses type information for applications where the fact that data is unsigned is important.
- Means DFDL modelers would have to create their own duplicate restrictions for common C etc data types.

2) Change [dataType] to point to the XML Schema primitive type instead of the XML Schema built-in type.
- Means that the value and the type would be xs:decimal which is too general

3) Change [dataValue] to say "The value in the value space of the underlying XML Schema primitive type forthe [datatype] member or special value nil"
- Allows the infoset to carry integer data that is invalid due to range regardless of value.
- Means that the value would be a decimal even though the data type was (say) xs:unsignedLong, ie, the datatype and datavalue are no longer in step unless validated

4) Option 2) with the modification that the primitive type for all integer types was xs:integer and not xs:decimal.

5) Option 3) with the modification that the primitive type for all integer types was xs:integer and not xs:decimal.

We agreed not to close on this until you had reported back on your action 032.

Regards

Steve Hanson
Programming Model Architect
WebSphere Message Brokers
Hursley, UK
Internet: smh@uk.ibm.com
Phone (+44)/(0) 1962-815848
----- Forwarded by Steve Hanson/UK/IBM on 29/04/2009 15:32 -----

Steve Hanson/UK/IBM
27/04/2009 13:42

To
Alan Powell/UK/IBM

cc
dglick@dracorp.com, mbeckerle@oco-inc.com

Subject
Re: Action 020 completionLink

Thanks Alan

I've added correct property names, see below. But I've omitted floats deliberately for clarity, the logical type is always signed and physical type is always signed, so there's no issue.

However, there is a problem with what I have stated, as you pointed out on Friday. On parsing I am effectively validating the input data, but on unparsing I am not assuming the data has been validated. This is not consistent and needs correcting.

But as I looked into this, I realised we have a problem with how we have described the DFDL infoset. The spec says "There is no requirement for DFDL-described data to be valid in order to have a DFDL information set.", which is in accordance with our agreed position on validation being optional. But further on it also says:

[datatype] String. The name of the XML Schema 1.0 built-in simple type to which the value corresponds. DFDL supports a subset of these types listed in the specification at section 4.1.
[dataValue] The value in the value space of the [datatype] member or special value nil.

This says to me that the DFDL parser must have done enough validation to ascertain that the value matched the underlying built-in type. For example, I have a user-defined simple type that adds a max/min range of +100-+200 to an xs:unsignedInt. If the input data has value 99, the value will be accepted into the infoset, but will not validate if validation is switched on. If the input data is a packed decimal with value -1, the value will not be accepted into the infoset. Given that xs:unsignedInt is itself just a range restriction of xs:integer (via xs:nonNegativeInteger), this seems a bit arbitrary.

Dave - given your action item looking at DFDL Infoset versus XDM, I'd be interested in your opinion here.

Regards

Steve Hanson
Programming Model Architect
WebSphere Message Brokers
Hursley, UK
Internet: smh@uk.ibm.com
Phone (+44)/(0) 1962-815848

Alan Powell/UK/IBM
24/04/2009 15:13

To
Steve Hanson/UK/IBM@IBMGB

cc
dglick@dracorp.com, mbeckerle@oco-inc.com

Subject
Re: Action 020 completionLink

Steve

Looks OK

But can you use the correct property name eg binaryNumberRepresentation and for completeness add binaryFloatRepresentation (even though it may be obvious)

Alan Powell

MP 211, IBM UK Labs, Hursley, Winchester, SO21 2JN, England
Notes Id: Alan Powell/UK/IBM email: alan_powell@uk.ibm.com
Tel: +44 (0)1962 815073 Fax: +44 (0)1962 816898

From: Steve Hanson/UK/IBM
To: mbeckerle@oco-inc.com, Alan Powell/UK/IBM, dglick@dracorp.com
Date: 23/04/2009 12:50
Subject: Action 020 completion

Here's my proposal for the behaviour when a logical type is signed and the physical data has no sign (either because it is not capable of carrying a sign, or it carries an unsigned indicator), and when the logical type is unsigned and the physical data has a sign. The principle is to be flexible and only to give errors when things are clearly mis-matched

Logical type	textNumberRepresentation= text (4)	textNumberRepresentation= zoned (2) (6)	binaryNumberRepresentation= packed (5)	binaryNumberRepresentation= bcd (1)	binaryNumberRepresentation= binary
Signed (decimal, integer)	Parse: OK Unparse: OK	Parse: Unsigned data => +ve Unparse: Data always punched with sign	Parse: Unsigned data => +ve Unparse: Data signed as per +ve/-ve nibble specifiers, unsigned nibble specifier never used	Parse: Data always +ve Unparse: -ve data is error	N/A
Signed (long, int, short, byte)	Ditto	Ditto	Ditto	Ditto	Parse: Data assumed 2's complement binary Unparse: Data output as 2's complement binary
Unsigned (unsigned long, unsigned int, unsigned short, unsigned byte) (3)	Parse: -ve data is error Unparse: -ve data is error	Parse: +ve data => OK, -ve data is error Unparse: Sign never punched, -ve data is error	Parse: +ve data => OK, -ve data is error Unparse: Unsigned nibble specifier always used, -ve data is error	Parse: OK Unparse: -ve data is error	Parse: Data assumed unsigned binary Unparse: Data output as unsigned binary

(1) Can not physically carry a sign
(2) Some systems output unsigned for +ve, but accept +ve on input (eg, IBM iSeries)
(3) Assumes that on unparsing, the infoset could still present a -ve value
(4) The -ve sign is indicated by numberPattern property
(5) The exact sign nibbles are given by the packedDecimalSignCodes property
(6) The punching style to use is given by the numberZonedSignStyle property

Mail back any comments before next week's call.

Regards

Steve Hanson
Programming Model Architect
WebSphere Message Brokers
Hursley, UK
Internet: smh@uk.ibm.com
Phone (+44)/(0) 1962-815848
----- Forwarded by Steve Hanson/UK/IBM on 23/04/2009 12:04 -----

Steve Hanson/UK/IBM

18/02/2009 16:55

To	Mike Beckerle (Work)
cc	Alan Powell/UK/IBM, dglick@dracorp.com
Subject	DFDL: Packed & zoned decimals - more thoughts (was Action 020)

Hi Mike

While we are on the subject of how to handle signs, the spec does not fully define what happens for a number if the logical type is unsigned. We need to say what is expected in the physical data and what happens if the data contains a sign. For example, we say that for an unsigned integer, if the rep is binary then we treat the data as 'unsigned binary' and not twos complement. And we say that BCD is only allowed for unsigned logical types. That is good. But we don't do the same for packed, text, zoned. I think we need to say that no explicit sign is expected in the data (eg, packed should have only F or 0, no A,B,C,D) and if it does:

Alternatives:
i) Error
ii) Positive sign discarded, negative sign gives error
iii) Sign discarded
iv) As per i) if 'strict' set, as per ii) if 'lax' set
v) As per i) if 'strict' set, as per iii) if 'lax' set

Personally I vote for i)

Regards

Steve Hanson
Programming Model Architect
WebSphere Message Brokers
Hursley, UK
Internet: smh@uk.ibm.com
Phone (+44)/(0) 1962-815848
----- Forwarded by Steve Hanson/UK/IBM on 18/02/2009 16:41 -----

Steve Hanson/UK/IBM

12/02/2009 13:18

To	<mbeckerle.dfdl@gmail.com>
cc	dfdl-wg@ogf.org
Subject	RE: [DFDL-WG] Fw: DFDL OGF WG call - Action 020Link

Hi Mike

I think it's a simplification too far. Many people especially those with a mainframe or COBOL background know what a zoned decimal is. The wikipedia entry for binary coded decimal explicitly covers the BCD, packed & zoned 'variants'. MRM and WTX both explicitly support zoned too. And it's easier to say that the 'decimalSignStyle' property applies to zoned decimals than to say it applies to any patterns that happen to have a P in them. On balance I would keep zoned as a representation.

So we need to decide whether zoned is only allowed for a signed decimal. There's no harm in allowing it for unsigned, just some redundancy, and it makes validation of the pattern against the rep easier (if something is zoned it can only have a subset of pattern chars).

Btw we don't need leading overpunched sign, only trailing - see my case for this below.

Regards

Steve Hanson
Programming Model Architect
WebSphere Message Brokers
Hursley, UK
Internet: smh@uk.ibm.com
Phone (+44)/(0) 1962-815848

"Mike Beckerle" <mbeckerle.dfdl@gmail.com>

12/02/2009 12:51

Please respond to
<mbeckerle.dfdl@gmail.com>

To	Steve Hanson/UK/IBM@IBMGB, <dfdl-wg@ogf.org>
cc
Subject	RE: [DFDL-WG] Fw: DFDL OGF WG call - Action 020

This does suggest another simplification.

Zoned is so close to text....Suppose we scrap the concept of "zoned" altogether, and just add a character to our number pattern language to allow one to specify a overpunched sign digit. E.g.,

"+00000" is text
"P0000" same with overpunched leading sign.
"00000+" text
"0000P" same with overpunched trailing sign

The decimal point would normally be implied in these, (I still like having a cobol-style "V" to position this instead of separate properties stating the position - one of the few good features about cobol is the number patterns. I still think we could quite easily pre-process the "V" out of these strings and then hand the rest through to an ICU library as an implementation - however the "P" probably does need to be a change in that library.)

From: dfdl-wg-bounces@ogf.org [mailto:dfdl-wg-bounces@ogf.org] On Behalf Of Steve Hanson
Sent: Wednesday, February 11, 2009 1:34 PM
To: dfdl-wg@ogf.org
Subject: [DFDL-WG] Fw: DFDL OGF WG call - Action 020

It was noted on the call this week that there is an alternative to my zoned decimal overpunching proposal i) below.

I said:

- If it is an unsigned type then DFDL expects the rightmost byte to have a zone nibble when parsing, and outputs a zone nibble when unparsing.
- If it is a signed type then DFDL expects it to have a sign nibble when parsing, and outputs a sign nibble when unparsing.

But my unsigned type behaviour could be achieved by specifying a rep of text instead of zoned. If that is the case, the alternative is to only allow zoned rep for signed decimal logical types.

Thoughts?

Regards

Steve Hanson
Programming Model Architect
WebSphere Message Brokers
Hursley, UK
Internet: smh@uk.ibm.com
Phone (+44)/(0) 1962-815848
----- Forwarded by Steve Hanson/UK/IBM on 05/02/2009 10:17 -----

Steve Hanson/UK/IBM

28/01/2009 13:54

To	DFDL Working Group
cc
Subject	DFDL OGF WG call - Action 020Link

Action 020:

020

SH: Resolve packedDecimalSignCodes behaviour depends on NumberCheckPolicy
22/10: No progress
10/12: added how to decide to overpunch and sign position

a) Resolve packedDecimalSignCodes behaviour depends on NumberCheckPolicy

Add new property to section 15.4 Properties Specific to Number with Binary representation.

binaryNumberCheckPolicy

Enum

Values are “strict” and “lax”.

Indicates how lenient to be when parsing binary numbers.

If ‘lax” then the parser tolerates all valid alternatives where such alternatives exist. Specifically, for binaryNumberRepresentation = 'packed' the sign nibble for positive, negative, unsigned and zero is allowed to be any of the valid respective values.

On unparsing, the specified value is always used.

Also suggest changing some of the other property names in 15.4:
"decimalVirtualPoint" -> "binaryDecimalVirtualPoint"
"packedDecimalSignCodes" -> "binaryPackedSignCodes"

And changing binaryNumberRepresentation enumeration:
"BCD" -> "bcd"

b) Zoned decimals: How to decide to overpunch and sign position

Spec assumes that overpunching of the rightmost character always takes place. IBM architecture allows no overpunching (ie, Fx instead of Cx/Dx) - this is supported by IBM MRM & WTX parsers. Additionally IBM MRM parser allows separate sign byte, and sign byte on left. Let's deal with these separately:
i) No overpunching.
The IBM architecture allows the rightmost byte to have a zone (Fx) or a sign (Cx/Dx) as the left nibble. I don't see why we can't base what to expect when parsing, and output when unparsing, on the logical xsd type.
- If it is an unsigned type then DFDL expects the rightmost byte to have a zone nibble when parsing, and outputs a zone nibble when unparsing.
- If it is a signed type then DFDL expects it to have a sign nibble when parsing, and outputs a sign nibble when unparsing.
For analogy with DFDL packed decimals, it seems at first glance that we should also extend the numberCheckPolicy 'lax' setting to treat a zone nibble as a +ve sign nibble for a signed type. However, IBM iSeries always outputs Fx to mean +ve but accepts both Fx & Cx on input. It is perhaps better therefore that DFDL always tolerates Fx when parsing a signed zoned decimal, otherwise iSeries users would always have to set numberCheckPolicy to 'lax', which might have other implications in the future.
ii) Separate sign byte.
I don't believe the IBM architecture allows this. I don't think DFDL needs to support it. MRM has this, but I think it's because early on MRM did not explicitly support text decimals as such, just COBOL variations, and it was easier just to call them all zoned.
iii) Sign byte on left.
I don't believe the IBM architecture allows this. I don't think DFDL needs to support it. MRM has this, but for the same reason as ii)

Conclusion: No new DFDL properties needed, but words need adding to explain zoned parse/unparse behaviour better.

Also suggest changing property names:
"zonedDecimalSignStyle" -> "numberZonedSignStyle"
"zeroNumberRep" -> "numberZeroRep"

Should also make clear that any explicit negative pattern in numberPattern will be ignored if the xsd type is unsigned. (We could make this an error but it precludes creation of a textNumberFormat that works with both signed and unsigned types, plus pattern "##0.0" implictly is equivalent to "##0.0;(##0.0)" ).

Regards

Steve Hanson
Programming Model Architect
WebSphere Message Brokers
Hursley, UK
Internet: smh@uk.ibm.com
Phone (+44)/(0) 1962-815848

Alan Powell/UK/IBM@IBMGB
Sent by: dfdl-wg-bounces@ogf.org
23/01/2009 13:36

To
dfdl-wg@ogf.org

cc

Subject
[DFDL-WG] DFDL: Minutes from OGF WG call, 21 January 2009

Open Grid Forum: Data Format Description Language Working Group

Weekly Working Group Conference Call
14:00 GMT, 21 January 2009

Attendees
Alan Powell (IBM)
Mike Beckerle(Oco)

Apologies
Steve Hanson (IBM)

1. XSD 1.1
Deferred to next call

2. Calendar formats
Discussed updated (v4) supplement emailed by AP

Agreed millisec/secSinceEpoc cannot be implied by length of logical data so need seperate enumerations. Observed that these options were really combination of 3 properties binary, length and sec/millisec. Suggested renaming to binarySeconds and binaryMilliseconds

Packed calendars: decided that need to be able to specify at least the packedDecimalSignCodes property rather than assuming a default so reference will be added to calendar description

Locale needs to be specified for numberformats and calendarFormats (didn't identify any other areas) as it modifies the behaviour of ICU. Decided to add locale to numberFormat and CalendarFormat

3. Escape Schemes

Agreed need for multiple escape delimiter pairs but not nested.
Need an escape for escape character even though in most cases this will be the same character, eg /n //, There are some formats that have a different escape, eg /n &/. Only need single escape characters and one level of escape characters.
Discussed how to deal with comments of the form /* comment */ where the escape delimiters are also the initiator and terminator of the field. Semantic needed is 'only look for field terminator not any parent terminator or any other syntax elements'. May fall out naturally from the speculative parsing rules. Need further discussion.

4. AOB
Next call 28 January 14:00

Meeting closed, 15:00 GMT

Actions raised at this meeting

No
Action

031

Current Actions:

No
Action

012
AP/SH: Update decimalCalendarScheme
10/9: Not allocated yet
17/9: No update
24/9: Add calendar binary formats to actions
22/10: No progress
16/1: proposal distributed and discussed. Will be redistributed
21/1: add locale,

020
SH: Resolve packedDecimalSignCodes behaviour depends on NumberCheckPolicy
22/10: No progress
10/12: added how to decide to overpunch and sign position

023
MB: Review Schema 1.1

024
String XML type

025
Escape schemes
21/1: discussed requirements

026
SH: Envelopes and Payloads

027
Property precedence tables

028
Variable markup

029
valueCalc (output length calculation)

030
AP: confirm with WTX that can drop duration
21/6: WTX confirm that they do not have a duration type so do not need it in dfdl. Will drop from spec. Closed

Closed actions:

030
AP: confirm with WTX that can drop duration
21/6: WTX confirm that they do not have a duration type so do not need it in dfdl. Will drop from spec. Closed

034 Work items:

No
Item

001
String XML type (Ian P) - Apr 30, 2008

002
Escape schemes (Ian P) - Apr 30, 2008

003
Variables - ??, 2008 (Mike)

005
Improvements on property descriptions - ??, 2008 (All - split TBD)

006
Envelopes and Payloads (Steve) - Apr 30, 2008

007
(from draft 32) valueCalc (Mike) - ??, 2008 mostly
complete

008
(from draft 32) Property precedence for writing (Steve) - under review

009
(from draft 32) Variable markup (Steve) - Mar 31, 2008 proposal needs writing up

010
(from draft 32) Assertions, discriminators and choice, including discussion of timing option (Suman) - Mar 31, 2008 * in progress *

011
(from draft 32) How speculative parsing works (combining choice and variable-occurence - currently these are separate) ??, 2008 (IBM) in progress

012
(from draft 32) Reordering the properties discussion: move representation earlier, improve flow of topics ??, 2008 (Alan) * not started *

025
Augmented infoset and unparsing (Alan) added but needs work

complete - specification updated

Alan Powell

MP 211, IBM UK Labs, Hursley, Winchester, SO21 2JN, England
Notes Id: Alan Powell/UK/IBM email: alan_powell@uk.ibm.com
Tel: +44 (0)1962 815073 Fax: +44 (0)1962 816898

Unless stated otherwise above:
IBM United Kingdom Limited - Registered in England and Wales with number 741598.
Registered office: PO Box 41, North Harbour, Portsmouth, Hampshire PO6 3AU

-- dfdl-wg mailing list dfdl-wg@ogf.org http://www.ogf.org/mailman/listinfo/dfdl-wg

Unless stated otherwise above:
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Registered office: PO Box 41, North Harbour, Portsmouth, Hampshire PO6 3AU

From:	Steve Hanson/UK/IBM
To:	mbeckerle@oco-inc.com, Alan Powell/UK/IBM, dglick@dracorp.com
Date:	23/04/2009 12:50
Subject:	Action 020 completion

No	Action

012	AP/SH: Update decimalCalendarScheme 10/9: Not allocated yet 17/9: No update 24/9: Add calendar binary formats to actions 22/10: No progress 16/1: proposal distributed and discussed. Will be redistributed 21/1: add locale,

020	SH: Resolve packedDecimalSignCodes behaviour depends on NumberCheckPolicy 22/10: No progress 10/12: added how to decide to overpunch and sign position
023	MB: Review Schema 1.1
024	String XML type
025	Escape schemes 21/1: discussed requirements
026	SH: Envelopes and Payloads
027	Property precedence tables
028	Variable markup
029	valueCalc (output length calculation)
030	AP: confirm with WTX that can drop duration 21/6: WTX confirm that they do not have a duration type so do not need it in dfdl. Will drop from spec. Closed

No	Item
001	String XML type (Ian P) - Apr 30, 2008
002	Escape schemes (Ian P) - Apr 30, 2008
003	Variables - ??, 2008 (Mike)
005	Improvements on property descriptions - ??, 2008 (All - split TBD)
006	Envelopes and Payloads (Steve) - Apr 30, 2008
007	(from draft 32) valueCalc (Mike) - ??, 2008	mostly complete
008	(from draft 32) Property precedence for writing (Steve) -	under review
009	(from draft 32) Variable markup (Steve) - Mar 31, 2008	proposal needs writing up
010	(from draft 32) Assertions, discriminators and choice, including discussion of timing option (Suman) - Mar 31, 2008 * in progress *
011	(from draft 32) How speculative parsing works (combining choice and variable-occurence - currently these are separate) ??, 2008 (IBM)	in progress
012	(from draft 32) Reordering the properties discussion: move representation earlier, improve flow of topics ??, 2008 (Alan) * not started *
025	Augmented infoset and unparsing (Alan)	added but needs work